What are the structures of vertical motors?

(1) Impeller

　　The role of the impeller is the same as that of the centrifugal pump, which converts the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure and kinetic energy of the fluid. It consists of vanes, hub, dynamic vane adjustment mechanism and so on. The vane is mostly wing type, generally 4~6 pieces. The hub is used to install the blade and blade adjustment mechanism, which can be conical, cylindrical or spherical. Small vertical motor (impeller diameter less than 300mm) of the blade and hub as a whole casting, blade angle is not fixed, also known as fixed blade vertical motor; vertical motor (impeller diameter greater than 300mm) generally use semi-adjustable impeller structure, that is, the blade through the nut and positioning pin fixed in the hub. Blade angle can not be changed at will, only according to each pin hole corresponding to the blade angle change, so called semi-adjustable vertical motor; large vertical motor (impeller diameter greater than 1600mm) generally use spherical hub. Dynamic vane adjustment mechanism is installed in the hub, through the hydraulic drive system to adjust the vane angle, so called dynamic vane adjustable vertical motor.

　　(2) Pump shaft

　　For vertical motors with large capacity and adjustable vane, the shaft is a hollow shaft made of high quality carbon steel with chrome plated surface, which can not only reduce the quality of the shaft, but also facilitate the installation of the adjusting mechanism.

　　(3) Guide vane

　　The guide vane of the vertical motor is generally installed on the outlet side of the impeller. The role of the guide vane is to convert the rotational motion of the water flowing out of the impeller into axial motion, and to convert part of the kinetic energy into pressure energy.

　　(4) Suction pipe

　　The function of the suction pipe is the same as that of the suction chamber of a centrifugal pump. Small and medium vertical motors often use flared suction tubes, while large vertical motors often use elbow-shaped suction channels.

　　The working principle of vertical motors is different from that of centrifugal pumps. It relies on the lift force generated by the rotation of the impeller to act on the water flow. This pump is called a vertical motor because the water flows axially into the impeller and out of the guide vane.

　　The vertical motor is based on the wing lift theory of aerodynamics. As the fluid passes around the airfoil, it splits into two streams at one end of the airfoil, crossing the upper and lower surfaces of the airfoil, and then converging at the same time at the end of the airfoil. Since the distance along the lower surface of the airfoil is longer than the distance along the upper surface, the flow rate along the lower surface of the airfoil is greater than the flow rate along the upper surface of the airfoil. Therefore, the pressure on the lower surface of the airfoil will be less than the pressure on the upper surface, and the fluid will exert a downward force on the airfoil. Likewise, the airfoil will exert a reaction force on the fluid, which is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, acting on the fluid. Under this force, the water is pressed to a certain height.

　　The vertical motor is characterized by a direct linear motion. Compared with indirect linear motion "rotary motor, rolling screw", the advantage is that there is no mechanical contact, the transfer force is generated in the air gap, there is no friction except for the linear motor guide; simple structure, small size, our linear drive is achieved by reducing the number of parts, the working stroke is theoretically infinite, and its performance will not be affected by changes in the size of the stroke; its operation can provide a wide range of speed operation.